Annealing furnace malleable
Slab of white cast iron after annealing at high temperature for a long time, so that the microstructure of the eutectic cementite, and secondary cementite eutectoid cementite into graphite, the annealing process is called malleable. Malleable by annealing furnace, the iron ferrite and graphite to obtain tissue, the fracture was dark gray. Therefore, this cast iron is also known as black heart malleable cast iron, which was a group flocculent graphite.
Malleable annealing process curve. Generally cold furnace loading, and slowly heated. Graphitization of cementite in the (910 ~ 960 ℃) and (730 ~ 780 ℃) holding when. At 910 ~ 960 ℃ for the insulation, the main and secondary cementite eutectic cementite graphitization. In this temperature range, the higher the heating temperature, the graphitization process, the more quickly. However, the heating temperature is too high, say more than 1000 ℃, is prone to flake graphite, and malleable cast iron damaged
Performance. Heating temperature with the geometry of the slab, size and other factors. Complex shape, thin-walled parts, etc., should adopt a lower annealing temperature, annealing process to prevent the deformation of the slab. On the contrary, the shape of the slab, you can simply choose a more
High heating temperature, in order to shorten the process cycle. When heated at high temperature holding time, depending on the size of the stove, loading quantity and arrangement of the furnace and heating temperature factors, usually 15 ~ 30h. After high-temperature insulation should have a cast iron flocculent graphite austenitic and group organization, should not be a big block of cementite exist. The graphitization process is known as the first stage of graphitization. 730 ~ 780 ℃ isothermal hold time, for the eutectoid cementite graphitization. Because of lower temperatures, a longer time, usually 30 ~ 60h. Finished after isothermal slow cooling with the furnace to 650 ℃, and then baked cooled to prevent the continued slow cooling caused by the decrease in toughness. This process is known as the second stage graphitization furnace.
Malleable annealing, the cementite decomposition mainly by the graphite of the first and second phases of the composition.
Malleable annealing process can also be used as shown. It features the second stage of graphitization is slowly cooled (3 ~ 5 ℃ / h) through the eutectoid transformation temperature range to complete.
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